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What Saith the Scripture?
http://www.WhatSaithTheScripture.com/
Faith in its Relations to the Love of God
by Charles Grandison Finney
President of Oberlin College
from "The
Oberlin Evangelist" Publication of Oberlin College
Lecture XVI
October 22, 1845
Public Domain Text
Reformatted by Katie Stewart
.
Text.--John 3:16: "For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life."
By the "world" in this passage is meant the human race. The passage
affirms God's love for the whole human family.
The word "perish" does not mean annihilation, nor does the word "life"
denote mere existence. It is plain that here, as often elsewhere, these terms are
contrasted, so that if "life" meant mere existence, "perish"
might, by the force of the antithesis, denote non-existence. But neither of these
words can have these sense in the text. In fact, the words perish, destruction, &c.,
do not primarily denote annihilation, but only a change in the mode of existence.
It is one of the greatest errors in biblical interpretation to force upon them this
meaning. This narrow, short-sighted view of their meaning entirely overlooks both
the glory of that life which comes to us through Christ, and the fearfulness of that
woe which awaits the finally impenitent.
But we must pursue the thread of our discourse and inquire,
I. Into the kind of love here spoken of.
II. What it is to believe in Christ.
III. What is implied in true faith.
I. The kind of love here spoken of.
In the text we are told that God so loved the world as to give his Son for it. Does
the emphasis upon the word so turn solely upon the degree of this love without respect
to its nature? Does the text mean simply to assert that God loved the world so much,
or that his love was moreover of such a nature that He could yield up his Son for
a lost world? Plain the latter comes into consideration, and we are to study the
nature as well as the degree of this love.
Directing our attention to this point it is obvious to remark,
You know it was said of Christ, "The zeal of thine house has eaten me up"--as if his very being were consumed by his burning zeal for the house and the cause of God. It seems clear from several intimations in scripture that our Savior had the appearance of premature old age. "So marred was his visage more than any man and his form more than the sons of men," that kings and nations wondered at the strange spectacle.
On one occasion the Jews said to him "Thou art not yet fifty years old." We may infer from this that he appeared to be nearly fifty years old, though in fact as the Bible shows he was not much over thirty. Hence we may presume that his physical frame was intensely shattered while yet young in years. He must have used up his vital powers with consuming, self-regardless efforts for human well-being and by the intense, burning power of his mental excitement.
So of the love of God. It is not to be supposed that mind itself is consumed with intense action; but the body is; and in mortal flesh, the waste upon the body becomes an index often of the intense and exhausting action of the soul. The love of God may be seen in the love of Christ. "He that hath seen me," said Christ, "hath seen the Father."
See also that affectionate mother. Her little infant frets and cries--her love endures it patiently. That dear child will not let her sleep, and her nervous system is well nigh prostrated; still for her own child what will not a mother's love endure?
But oh, what is all this compared with the matchless forbearance and long-suffering of the God of Love! We shall never appreciate this till we see in their true colors the sinner's abuse and contempt of God's law and of his gospel too--till we see how God waits on the sinner and how the sinner grows only the more stubborn and insolent; how God sends him repeated tokens of his love and he only mocks God's mercy in return. Such is God's love that He not only forbears to punish, but sends his own Son to save,--yea sends his own Son to die that the rebel might live. What a spectacle! There lay spread out before the eye of God a world steeped in wickedness, reeking in its own pollutions--mad in its own rebellion; yet the heart of God pitied--there burned in his bosom the most intense love, and from his inmost soul he cried out--"How can I give thee up!" O what love was this! Love not only sincere and real, but infinitely great.
We are to think of this love to enemies; not to friends. It was not such love as husbands have for their wives, or parents for their children; no, but "God commendeth his love towards us in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us." This it is that commends and sets off this amazing love of God in a light so glorious. Behold, says another apostle--behold what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us that we--that such as we,--should be called the sons of God! Well might he say--"what MANNER of love!" Was ever love like this in earth or heaven?
The love of God to man was no empty and evanescent emotion. It has continued to sway the attributes of Deity for thousands of years, and will for coming ages, how many soever may be included in the divine plan for perfecting this glorious scheme of salvation. The love of God to man has called forth his infinite wisdom to devise, his omnipotence to execute, and we might perhaps say that this love has employed, not to say, used up, the divine energies since the creation of the world. O, who can adequately estimate all that God has done already in devising and carrying into effect this great scheme of human salvation?
II. What it is to believe in Christ.
It is something more than to be convinced of the truth of what is said in the Bible.
This conviction may be in our minds as firm as the mountains; and yet we may have
no gospel faith. Devils may believe, and in this sense they do--wicked men may and
usually do have this faith of conviction--they may be convinced of the truth respecting
Christ, and yet have no more saving faith than devils have.
But positively, faith is trust, it is depending upon Christ, relying upon him for
every thing which as a Savior he promises to do for us. The soul, believing, thoroughly
commits itself to God, yielding up all its interests to be disposed of according
to his wisdom. More on these points soon.
III. What is implied in faith.
This remark applies both to justification and to sanctification. As to justification, we must fully realize that without Christ we never can be pardoned and restored to a state of acceptance and justification before God. Else we shall never look to him in the gospel sense so as to receive justification unto life.
So also in respect to sanctification. Until it becomes a reality which the mind deeply feels, that we can be cleansed from sin only through faith in Christ, it is absolutely certain that we shall never by faith take hold of those promises for life.
Many who are not Christians have no just sense of this. Indeed they have no just view of God and of his law. Perhaps they think they want religion, and are inclined to embrace it. O, how deceived! They need to see their utter disinclination towards any good. Then they would see their dependence upon Christ. They would see that unless Christ interposes while they are in this state of utter disinclination, they are so utterly selfish that they never will embrace Christ for salvation. Let me ask, will an individual ever depend upon Christ, so long as he thinks himself well disposed by nature, and has no just views of his utter death in sin? No; never.
Faith then implies that we understand our utter moral impotency, and utter disinclination towards God while in an unrenewed state. When one sees this, he is prepared to see that unless a sanctifying Christ undertake for him, damnation is certain. He sees that the thing he needs to be saved from is this selfish, morally dead state of mind.
Around this point, there hangs in the views of many minds an unaccountable darkness. They do not see the very thing, to pardon and remove which they need Christ. They are feeling about after some particular sins, lying, perhaps, or theft, or Sabbath-breaking, from which they suppose they need Christ to save them. Yet, what are all these, and all such sins, but the mere bubbling up of a certain state of mind--a little of the overflowing water from that deep and vast ocean of iniquity which spreads itself all over their inner moral being? It is this state of mind--this deep sink of iniquity, the rooted selfishness in which you have accustomed yourself to live and move and have your being--this it is from which you need to be saved. This is the great thing which needs to be set right. Do you understand this? What is it that you need when your heart sighs within you for peace, and you look to religion for help? What do you need? This only--to have your disposition to sin taken away, and in its place, a disposition to serve and please God. When you come to see yourself as you are in all your relations to God and duty, you will see that your own state of mind is the very thing you need to be saved from. You will see that this is really more terrible, and more to be feared than all the devils in hell. You need not fear the mightiest devils if your own state of mind is not radically wrong.
What then are you doing? Groping about to get rid of some one or two sins as if these were all from which you need be saved? Have you not yet learned that the thing you need first and chiefly is to be saved from a selfish state of mind, a state which is radically averse from, or enmity against God?
Unless one understands this, how can he be penetrated with penitence, gratitude and love? No, until this idea is realized, that God is so infinitely gracious and benevolent that he has set his love on me,--until this thought comes home, the soul feels that it dare not approach him. This will be the effect just in proportion as the guilt and plague of sin are thoroughly realized. If these are deeply realized, the soul must needs realize also the great love of God, or it will fly away from the presence of God as if that presence were hell itself.
I have known men often feel as if they could fly in any direction away from God, so deeply did conscious guilt oppress them, and so terrible to their souls was the thought of meeting God. Some of you have heard me say of Father Nash that his sense of God's awful presence was such when under conviction that he would have leaped into a lake of liquid fire at once if he could have thereby escaped the presence of God.
Hence, a realization of God's love to us is essential to real trust. First, you must see your sins--and then to prevent despair, and to save you from being repelled by your own conscious guilt from the presence of God, you must apprehend his infinite love. Seeing this, the soul cries out--"after all my guilt and ill-desert, God does love me. Yes, so much has he loved me, as to give his Son to die for me. Now, I see that I may come back at once to my own Father."
Without this view of the love of God, you feel as if you could not approach God at all; but this love being seen and felt, you come sobbing back, with a heart all broken to pieces. When you see not only that God loved the world, but that he even loves you--and so loves you that he gave his own Son to die for you, then you feel yourself aroused by mighty attractions. How can you resist the melting power of such love? O, you say, what can I do for God? How can I ever praise him enough?
Such a gospel meets human want and affords an adequate remedy for human selfishness. It presents tangible points of blessed truth upon which a guilty, despairing sinner may take hold.
REMARKS.
1. Many persons confound dependence with depending upon Christ. They talk about their
dependence, without really depending upon Christ at all. Now it is one thing to say--I
cannot be saved without Christ; and quite another thing actually to depend upon Christ.
Father Nash used to say--I could sometimes see my dependence so clearly that I would
gnash my teeth and swear and curse, daring God to do his worst; yet I was infinitely
far from really depending upon Christ.
2. Faith always implies a sense of dependence, but this sense of being dependent
does not always imply faith. Yet often people who talk much about dependence, have
no realizing sense of the thing, and really make this talk an apology for doing nothing.
3. Many overlook the identity between depending on Christ and true faith. Let this
then be ever remembered, that depending on Christ is the same thing as real faith.
Real faith is a depending for justification on Christ, and on nothing else; it also
in the same exclusive manner depends on Christ for sanctification. In regard to both
of these blessings, real faith is a depending on Christ. We are greatly deceived
if we think these are different things, for they are precisely the same thing.
We can easily understand what it is to depend on Christ, for dependence of a similar
sort is a perfectly common thing in the ordinary relations of human life. One young
man comes here to study. He knows that various expenses will be accruing, for board,
for books, for clothing, &c. Now he has no expectation of paying these bills
himself--he depends on his father to pay them for him. He is not anxious on these
points; he knows very well that his father is both able and willing to do all for
him that he can need.
But another young student may be here who has no father to depend on; but perhaps
he looks to the church to which he belongs, as they may have pledged themselves to
help him; and still another, having neither parent, nor pledged supporters to depend
on, depends upon himself. He expects to labor during the terms of study, and teach
in vacations.
I allude to cases of this sort to show that the idea of depending on others is perfectly
familiar to all minds. We are trained into it from the very dawn of life.
Such is the Christian's depending upon Christ. To Him the Christian looks for his
ceaseless supply of every want. This is faith.
4. The doctrine of human ability as it lies in many minds produces nothing else than
self-confidence and self-dependence as opposed to faith. Many have such an idea of
human ability that they suppose they shall readily, by dint of their own resolutions
and efforts, do what God requires of them. Such an idea renders dependence on Christ
morally impossible. How can he depend on Christ when he thinks he can just as well
depend upon himself? It is therefore wholly indispensable to true faith that the
doctrine of human ability should be in such a shape in the mind as to encourage faith,--nay,
rather, as to enforce the conviction that without aid from Christ, obtained by depending
on Him, we are certainly undone. In fact the idea of human ability as often apprehended,
is nothing else than the spirit of Anti-Christ. It stands directly and insuperably
in the way of the soul's reliance upon Christ for the grace requisite for saving
the soul from sin. Faith is forever impossible till this notion of self-sufficiency
is utterly put away.
5. The doctrine of dependence, also, as it lies in some minds works mischief; for
it begets a self-justifying spirit. Persons get the idea that they are in such a
sense naturally unable that God cannot rationally require of them obedience. In conversation
with a lady sometime since, she said, "I believe God was bound in justice to
send Christ to die for sinners, and is bound now to do for sinners all that he requires
them to be and to do." When she came to explain her views it appeared that she
considered herself as not guilty, but only unfortunate on account of her sinful nature--unfortunate
in having ever sinned at all, so as to need a Savior's atonement; unfortunate in
having a state of mind so selfish and averse from God, that without gracious aid
she never would accept of a Savior already provided. Hence she thought God would
be unjust if he did not help her out of the troubles into which under God's universal
agency she had unfortunately fallen.
After I had shown her that she had fundamentally mistaken the nature of sin, and
that she could not be innocent in entertaining such views, condemned as they certainly
were by her own reason and conscience, the husband said--"I have sometimes thought
my wife one of the most pious of women, and again I have thought that he had no piety
at all." The wife rose, and went to her chamber in a dreadful agony and conflict
of mind--kept her room for two days--and then came down, all melted, subdued, transformed
to the very spirit of a lamb. She no longer held God accountable for her sins, or
bound in justice to give her converting grace.
6. True and deep conviction of sin is the only remedy for either of these errors.
In the first case, where the man has high notions of his own ability; only let God
show him his own utter wickedness, the deep and fearful depravity of his voluntarily
selfish heart, and he will see that his ability is only a mountain of lead on his
soul to sink it deep in the waves of damnation. Look at that sinner. Suppose God
shows him just what he is doing; makes him see his own voluntary agency in sin--makes
him see that he might have done good rather than evil--that God endowed him with
capacities for doing all his duty; then let the Spirit of God also show him how he
resists and fights against God with all his might, and make him see his own heart
to be black and guilty as hell;--then see what he will say. "O," he cries,
"this ability of mind is working out for me the deepest damnation. My whole
heart is set upon iniquity. No other being in the universe can be so vile as I. O,
surely, I am working my way down to the deepest hell."
When the Lord has thus shown him his amazing guilt, he will no longer depend on the
fact of his being philosophically able to repent. He will neither deem this a meritorious
thing, nor will he rely upon it for his own salvation. He will see that this ability
of his has been the occasion of his meriting a deeper damnation than he otherwise
could have done; and that his infatuated abuse of it is always such that he can depend
on himself only to work out his own damnation.
So of the other man who makes God responsible for his own sin, for his being impenitent,
and for giving him repentance. Let this man only be convicted thoroughly of his own
sin, and he will no longer say--"God in justice ought to help me out."
O, how he will abhor this very thought and the state of mind that can admit it for
a moment! Now his mind turns upon himself in bitter self-execrations. He sees that
he has no one to condemn but himself.
7. The love of God to man is entirely consistent with his anger against sin. There
is a father who finds it necessary for the best good of his child to punish him.
But does this prove that the father does not love his son? By no means. He never
gives a more conclusive proof of his love for his son than when his intense desire
to secure his highest good is so strong as to over come all the reluctance a father's
heart feels to the infliction of pain upon a child. This is the love of real benevolence.
The same benevolent regard to the good of the rest of the family might constrain
a father to punish his son, even though the hope of reclaiming him may be entirely
abandoned and form no part of the motive for punishing. So God in love to the universe
may punish the sinner after all hope of his being thereby reclaimed has past away
forever. He may do this for the sake of a public example.
8. The love of God is of such a kind as to demand that he should abhor the wickedness
of man and man on account of it.
The reason of this is obvious. This love of God is real benevolence--a sincere desire
for the happiness of his creatures. But God knows perfectly well that sin necessarily
and fatally destroy happiness; hence he cannot but hate it, and hate men and devils
too on account of it.
9. Self-righteous men often mistake the nature of this love, supposing it to be fondness,
and that it does not involve a holy and infinite abhorrence of all sin. No mistake
could be greater than this.
10. It is hard for a selfish being to realize the nature of this disinterested love.
This is one of the most difficult conceptions for the selfish mind to form. The reason
of this difficulty is obvious. Men are naturally inclined to judge the character
and motives of the Deity as they do their own, making God altogether such a being
as themselves. Consequently being supremely selfish themselves, they suppose God
also to be selfish. When you hear a man therefore denying that God is really benevolent,
or speaking of him as if he were selfish like sinning mortals, you may know that
that man is supremely selfish.
It sometimes seems impossible to make wicked men conceive of God as being truly benevolent.
It is so perfectly unlike their own state of mind, they seem almost incapable of
apprehending what it is, and withal are by no means very ready to admit that God
is so very much better than themselves.
In the same way the sinner is prone to conceive of Christians as feeling towards
him as he does towards them. He often has no idea that Christians really love him
intensely, and feel the deep yearnings of compassion over him in view of his present
wretchedness and coming doom. He seems to have no idea that God, angels, saints,
and all the holy in earth or heaven, feel utterly different from himself.
Sometimes impenitent sinners have been broken down completely by kind treatment.
Such treatment where they had reason to expect its opposite, has sometimes made the
idea flash into their mind that there is real benevolence in other hearts, although
there is none in their own.
Many years since I knew a man who had abused a Christian in the worst possible way.
So outrageous was this abuse that on reflection he felt constrained to go and make
some confession to the Christian whom he had abused. What was his amazement to find
that this Christian man had not the least ill feeling towards him--had no rebukes
or reproaches to utter--that he had cherished no other feelings than compassion;
and now, as soon as he saw him, his benevolent heart gushed out in compassion and
sympathy. O when the wicked man saw this, it brought before his mind the new and
thrilling idea--It may be that God really loves me. Perhaps God too and all other
holy beings are seeking my good and really care for my soul.
This is one of the most important considerations to get before the mind of any class
of sinners, whether of backsliders or of those who have never professed repentance.
There is a most melting power in the thought--God, my Maker and my Father, feels
real and infinite compassion for me. Many a heart has bowed before God and been broken
in godly sorrow under the power of this consideration.
It is a striking fact that the Bible often presents this feature of the divine character
in a strong and most affecting light. "Since I spake against him, I do earnestly
remember him still; therefore my bowels are troubled for him; I will surely have
mercy upon him, saith the Lord." "Yea, I have loved thee with an everlasting
love; therefore, with loving kindness have I drawn thee." O could you who have
wandered and backslidden only get this idea into your mind--could you only see how
sincerely and earnestly your Maker is entreating you to return to himself--you could
not refuse to come. Hear what the Psalmist said--"Has God forgotten to be gracious?
and will he be favorable no more? Has he in anger shut up his tender mercies? Then
I said, "This is my infirmity." Truly so. This is your infirmity, that
you should cherish such apprehensions of God. O how can you cherish such thoughts
of cold unbelief? Could you but understand how greatly God desires your return--could
you see for once how deeply his compassions are awakened towards you and how cordially
he would welcome you back to his bosom, it could not fail to break down all your
pride, and melt your soul in penitence.
11. There is no danger that this view of the love of God should make men hard-hearted,
stupid and reckless. Nothing else has such power as this to soften and melt the hearts
of men. Nothing else can be compared with this to subdue rebellion; transform selfishness
to benevolence, and regenerate the polluted soul into the image of God.
12. A realization of the nature and reality of the love of God is indispensable to
true religion. Without this, all will be hard-hearted. Without this no one can know
what it is to have an unction shed over all the soul, drawing it into deep communion
with God, and awakening a clam and settled confidence in the Lord of Hosts as our
own God and Father.
13. An apprehension of this needs to become an omnipresent reality, before men can
be established in grace. I can testify on this point from experience. Nothing has
had such an influence on my mind as this. When I go to God deeply realizing that
he loves me more than I love myself, and loves to give more than I love to receive,
than I feel that I may be strong in prayer and in faith. When I go to prayer for
my family and can feel that God loves them more than I do--when I pray for my sick
wife, and can see that God cares for her comfort and usefulness and for the interests
of my family more than I possibly can, I then feel that it were cruel unbelief not
to trust God for every possible good. So when I pray for Oberlin, it is good to feel
that God planted this vine and he can water it at his will, and can defend it so
that the "bear out of the wood shall not waste it, nor the wild beast of the
field devour it." If this vine is good for any thing in his vineyard, he values
it more than I do; he loves its prosperity more, and is more ready to make efforts
for sustaining and enlarging it.
Every thing in short which pertains to his kingdom, he loves more than I do. His
whole being is awake to these interests--yea, more, to every body's interests,--his
word having told me that he feeds even the ravens when they cry, and much more will
feed his "little ones."
14. A realization of this truth is indispensable to prevalence in prayer. In order
to prevail in prayer you need to realize that God loves you infinitely more than
you love yourself--that He loves Zion more than you do, and loves to see sinners
converted infinitely more than you ever have, or ever will. Your heart will then
be strong in prayer when you see that He truly cares for you, and cares for all human
happiness, so that you have no need to excite his feelings, for his soul is already
on fire, all awake with most intensely glowing emotions of love, and with one changeless
purpose to promote the highest happiness of every sentient being in his universe
as far as he wisely can. O, to have such a God to pray to, and to come before him
with these realization of his ineffable love--this quickens faith and gives vitality
to the soul of prayer. Brethren, do learn how to pray to such a God as this!
GLOSSARY
of easily misunderstood terms as defined by Mr. Finney himself.
Compiled by Katie Stewart
.
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